Photobiomodulation in Temporomandibular Disorders
Jan Tunér, DDS,1 Sepanta Hosseinpour, DDS, MPH, PhD,2 and Reza Fekrazad, PhD, DDS3
Objective: This
systematic review aimed to comprehensively review all available
documents regarding photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) application in
temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients and to suggest an
evidence-based protocol for therapeutic PBM administration for these
patients.
Background data: The
existence of temporomandibular joint and/or pain and dysfunction in
masticatory muscles is characterized in TMDs. PBMT is, due to its impact
on biological processes, especially inflammation, considered as an
adjuvant treatment modality in TMD cases. Materials and methods: All
original articles related to PBMT for TMDs in EMBASE, MEDLINE (NCBI
PubMed and PMC), Cochrane library, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google
Scholar were reviewed until December 2018.
Results:
The energy density ranging from 0.75 to 112.5 J/cm2 with 0.9?500mW
power was found to be a window protocol for light application. The best
results for pain relief and mandibular movement enhancement were
reported after application of GaAlAs diode laser, 800?900 nm, 100?500mW,
and <10 J/cm2, twice a week for 30 days on trigger points. The
session of light applications varied from 1 to 20.
Conclusions:
Although most articles showed that PBMT is effective in reducing pain
and contributed to functional enhancement in TMD patients, the
heterogenic parameters that have been reported in various studies made
the standardization of PBMT complicated. However, such evidence-based
consensus can be beneficial for both future research and for clinical
applications.
Photobiomodulation in Oral Surgery: A Review
Sepanta Hosseinpour, DDS, MPH, PhD Student,1 Jan Tunér, DDS,2 and Reza Fekrazad, DDS, PhD, FLD, FICD3,4
Objective: This
article presents a review of current data on the applications of
photobiomodulation (PBM) in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery
(OMFS), to guide future research. Background data: Photobiomodulation
therapy (PBMT) has been reported to be effective for various
postoperative conditions, including pain relief, improvement of
mastication, neurosensory recovery, and wound healing. There is a need
for identifying the therapeutic irradiation windows for these
conditions, based upon the available literature.
Materials and methods:
All original articles related to PBM for oral surgery in MEDLINE (NCBI
PubMed and PMC), EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane library, Web of Science, and
Google Scholar were reviewed until December 2018.
Results:
Forty-six clinical trials were included in this study. These trials
were categorized into three different types of PBM applications. After
reviewing all these studies, the most effective physical properties for
PBM pain reduction after tooth extraction were as follows: wavelength
650?980 nm; power 4?300mW; and energy density 3?85.7 J/cm2. PBMT at
660?910nm with 4?500mW power and 2?480 J/cm2 energy density was
effective for decreasing facial swelling. At the same wavelength and
power range with 4?106 J/cm2 energy density, PBM was effective for
alleviating trismus after tooth extraction.
Conclusions: Most papers suggested that PBM seemed to be effective in reducing pain, swelling, and trismus after third molar tooth extraction, neurosensory and nerve recovery after mandibular ramus osteotomy. The heterogeneity of the standardization regarding the parameters of laser calls for caution in interpretation of these results. However, this evidence-based review regarding the best protocols for OMFS applications can be beneficial for both future research and clinical applications.
Both reviews full text available: Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery